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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Intergovernmental immunity ： ウィキペディア英語版 Intergovernmental immunity In United States Constitutional Law, intergovernmental immunity is a doctrine that prevents the federal government and individual state governments from intruding on each other's sovereignty. It is also referred to as a Supremacy Clause immunity or simply federal immunity from state law. The doctrine was established by the United States Supreme Court in ''McCulloch v. Maryland'' (1819),〔'McCulloch v. Maryland'', 17 U.S. (4 Wheat.) 316, at 426 (1819).〕 which ruled unanimously that states may not regulate property or operations of the federal government. In that case, Maryland state law subjected banks not chartered by the state to restrictions and taxes. In ''McCulloch's'' case, state law had attempted to impose these restrictions on the Second Bank of the United States.〔(Law Library - American Law and Legal Information )〕 The Court found that if a state had the power to tax a federally incorporated institution, then the state effectively had the power to destroy the federal institution, thereby thwarting the intent and purpose of Congress. This would make the states superior to the federal government. ==Traffic and parking violations== In some cases, the federal government may voluntarily subject itself to local regulations. For example, the policy of the General Services Administration is that federal employees must obey state and local laws "except when the duties of your position require otherwise", and are personally responsible for paying parking fines and moving violation fines not required for official purposes.〔41 CFR 102-34.235-245 ()〕 A 2008 Congressional report found the federal government's lack of effective enforcement of this policy was creating traffic hazards in Washington, D.C. and New York City. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Intergovernmental immunity」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.